experience efficient in formula takes 1.0. For normal large diameter pile, the tip capacity is mainly, and the length is not very long, pile mpression is ignored while calculate the settlement. Now, the Eq.3 uld be simplified as: 1 n zi i i si sZ E s = =∆∑ (4) Engineering examples Inverse the tip capacity in normal 1. 8m 1.8m 0.9m 0